Tech Feature: Identifying Suspension Bushings that Cause Squeaks, Knocking Noises and Vibration Complaints

Tech Feature: Identifying Suspension Bushings that Cause Squeaks, Knocking Noises and Vibration Complaints

Worn or hardened suspension bushings can cause many mysterious squeaks, knocking noises and vibration complaints. Unfortunately, in their rush to sell ride control products like MacPherson struts, shock absorbers and springs, techs often forget to inspect and replace rubber suspension bushings, explains Import Specialist Contributor Gary Goms.

this ­mitsubishi appears to be in good condition. loose sway bar bushings can cause squeaks and knocking noises. “/>

NON-LOAD-BEARING BUSHINGS
When replacing the load-bearing control arm bushings, it’s also important to inspect the condition of non-load-bearing rubber bushings. Non load-bearing bushings include sway bar, radius arm, shock absorber and steering rack mounts. Check the sway bar bushings for severe cracking, looseness and loss of compression. See Photo 3.

Because radius arm bushings are designed to ­absorb the fore-and-aft thrust of a lower control arm, they must have enough flexibility to compress under load. If the radius arm bushings are hardened, ­severely cracked or oil-soaked, they should be ­replaced. Worn shock absorber bushings usually cause a squeaking or knocking noise. On the other hand, loose steering rack mount bushings normally cause steering wander complaints.

BUSHING REMOVAL
Many technicians don’t like to ­replace control arm bushings ­because they are usually firmly rusted in place. One solution is to replace the complete control arm. The other, more obvious, solution is to obtain the correct tooling or use an effective substitute. photo 4: undercar tool suppliers can supply a number of different tools for installing rubber bushings. this set has installed many control arm and leaf spring bushings over the years.

During my years in undercar service, I’ve obtained a number of tools that work relatively well for replacing suspension bushings. One tool is a set of bushing tools that can be used to press bushings in place or used with a hammer to drive bushings into a control arm. See Photo 4.

A good substitute tool is a common ball joint and universal joint pressing tool with a full complement of attachments. If the control arm can be mounted in a ­hydraulic press, the bushing can, in most cases, be easily removed and replaced.

An air-operated impact hammer with bushing attachments may also be used in some applications to remove and replace suspension bushings. In some cases, an exhaust cutter bit can be used with an impact hammer to peel the steel sleeve from rusted control arms. See Photo 5.Photo 5: This impact hammer is equipped with a bushing removal bit and a bushing installation bit. These tools can quickly replace bushings that aren’t rusted into the control arm or spring.

When used with skill and common sense, an acetylene torch can be used as a “last resort” to remove a badly rusted bushing from the control arms. The key point is to avoid weakening the control arm by ­applying excessive heat to the suspension bushing or by cutting into the base metal.

ASSEMBLY PROCEDURES

Because of their limited range of travel, it’s important to allow rubber suspension bushings to align themselves before the pivot bolts are tightened. Once the suspension assembly is attached to the chassis, the full weight of the vehicle should rest on the wheels. The next step should be to bounce the suspension fully through its entire range of travel to allow the bushings to conform to the vehicle’s weight. Only then should the pivot bolts be torqued to the chassis.

If you’re installing polyurethane bushings for a performance application, don’t forget to coat the metal surfaces with the special grease supplied with the bushings. As with rubber bushings, the chassis should be cycled through its range of travel at least a half-dozen times before the pivot bolts are tightened.

ALIGNMENT RECHECKS

After control arm bushings are replaced, they continue to conform to the vehicle’s weight and to braking and acceleration thrust. In most cases, it’s a good procedure to recommend bringing the vehicle back for an alignment check about 5,000 miles after the control arm bushings have been replaced.

You May Also Like

Ride Height Sensors

If one of these sensors is replaced, it must be calibrated after it is installed.

Ride-height sensors not only measure the position of the suspension, but also the rate of movement. They are supplied with a voltage of around 5 volts. The signal voltage is changed as a magnet moves past a coil. Most sensors have three wires — ground, power and signal.

Internally, it is difficult to damage one of these sensors. Externally, the linkage that connects the sensor to the suspension arm can also be damaged. The connector can be damaged and cause a short or open and a code will be set. If one of these sensors is replaced, it must be calibrated after it is installed.

Ride Control For Electric Vehicles

Replacement units are available from sources other than the dealer.

Brake Pad Edge Codes

The “Edge Code” can tell you information about a brake pad’s friction material.

Chassis Parts and Alignment Angles

Knowing why the adjustment is required is critical to performing the total alignment.

Suspension Upgrades – Selling Shocks and Struts

The question customers fail to ask is, what is “best” for their vehicle?

Other Posts

Air Ride Suspension Diagnostics

The key to understanding the logic of air ride systems is using service information.

Steering Angle Sensor Operations

It is important for the ABS/ESC module to receive two signals to verify the steering wheel’s position.

Chassis Alignment

The source of the complaint can be the angles, electronics or tires.

Laying Out Your Shop for ADAS/EV Repairs

With so many vehicles equipped with some form of ADAS, rethinking your electronics layout or plan might be in order.